Tuesday, December 31, 2019

Jetblue Customer Service Delivery Breakdown - 1687 Words

Introduction This paper hopes to delve into the Jetblue Customer Service delivery breakdown, from February 14, 2007, that nearly caused the company to collapse. It will look at the customer service aspect and compare the expectations of what the customer had come to expect and what the company actually delivered. It will look into the customer service, that lead to JetBlue’s early success and competitive edge against other airlines. It will examine if the Low-Cost Airline can continue to maintain its High-Frills Status. It will look at the impact the breakdown had on the customers, stakeholders, the role ambiguity on how the employees and managers used to handle situations with their wait and see mentality, and the lack of perceived situational control from its employees. We will attempt to predict what JetBlue should try and prepare for and I will give my personal opinion on JetBlue’s response to the breakdown in service in regards to the customer service communication gap and my recommendations with moving forward. Airline Deregulation In order to effectively evaluate the incident, the whole picture must be examined. A mere 20 years after the Airline Deregulation Act in1978, which removed government control from the Civil Aeronautics Board (CAB), which had up to that time controlled all entry and exit into the market, pricing of services the airlines provided as well as mergers, and dealing with all customer issues (Smith, Cox, 2008). Prior to deregulation the CABShow MoreRelatedSupply Chain Operations Management Analysis4582 Words   |  19 PagesOperations Management Analysis of Southwest Airlines Name: University: Course Title: Instructor: Date: â€Æ' Introduction Southwest Airline is said to be the largest airline firm in the world and yet it charges low-fare costs to its large population of customers. Interestingly, it is noted that the company is one that depends on a large pool of suppliers whom are found necessary for the business to operate desirably. Such suppliers are mentioned to include: maintenance firms, fuel suppliers, food suppliersRead MoreE-Commerce at Yunnan Lucky Air5422 Words   |  22 PagesInaki Berenguer, Cai Shijun, Li Liang, Liu Jing and Ningya Wang cutting edge of technology and reap the same rewards as Southwest Airlines and similar U.S. competitors. Yet Lucky Air’s executives had to decide what was right for their company, customers, and market. If they chose the wrong expansion strategy or missed the mark with e-commerce, then the company’s luck might run out forever. Passenger Aviation in China China’s airline industry had benefited from the country’s rapid economic growthRead MoreEmirates Airlines12540 Words   |  51 Pagesroutes were added in 2012 and 2013,2 and capacity growth was expected to increase by 18.4% in 2013 thanks to deliveries of new aircraft, including the new A380s deployed to over 20 destinations.3 Emirates anticipated that its meteoric growth would continue and was building its fleet accordingly: with 41 A380s integrated into its fleet thus far, another 99 were scheduled for delivery in the coming years (See Exhibit 2).4 At the same time, several trends threatened to stymy the airline’s growthRead MoreBusiness Plan of Skytrails Airline, Ltd.14517 Words   |  59 Pagesplayer in the long-haul market of business travel. By continuously focusing on the needs of the premium-class business traveller, SkyTrails will provide the best value proposition in the markets it serves. It will offer customers a compelling value proposition: a high level of service and comfort at 50 percent of the current published business-class fare. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY THE COMPANY REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT MARKET ANALYSIS FINANCIALS APPENDIX EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Purpose Read MoreInvestment and Economic Moats46074 Words   |  185 Pagespublisher nor author shall be liable for any loss of proï ¬ t or any other commercial damages, including but not limited to special, incidental, consequential, or other damages. For general information on our other products and services or for technical support, please contact our Customer Care Department within the United States at (800) 762-2974, outside the United States at (317) 572-3993 or fax (317) 572-4002. Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appearsRead MoreUnited Airlines23407 Words   |  94 Pagespassenger services.[i] United experienced extensive growth in revenues and international services during the 1990’s by joining Star Alliance, which brought United together with numerous international airlines including Air Canada, Lufthansa, SAS and Thai Airways. This allowed the alliance members to overcome their individual inadequacies by achieving an unparalleled global partnership. [ii] Early on, United became an industry leader by working with its employees, customers, and shareholdersRead MoreMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 PagesPublisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030-5774, (201)748-6011, fax (201)748-6008, website http://www.wiley.com/go/permissions. To order books or for customer service please, call 1-800-CALL WILEY (225-5945). Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Hartley, Robert F., 1927Marketing mistakes and successes/Robert F. Hartley. —11th ed. p. cm. Includes index. ISBN 978-0-470-16981-0 (pbk.) 1. Marketing—UnitedRead MoreRyanair Analyses44239 Words   |  177 Pages Theory of Generic Strategies 3.2.2. The Resource-based School 3.2.2.1. Theory on SWOT analysis 16 18 24 20 23 25 27 4. The low fare airline business model 4.1. Introduction 4.2. Differences between the LFA model and the FSA model 4.2.1. The service factor 28 29 29 2 4.2.2. Turnaround times 4.2.3. Homogenous fleet 4.2.4. Point-to-point travel vs hub-and-spoke travel 4.2.5. Higher seat density 4.2.6. Choice of airports 4.2.7. Distribution system 4.2.8. Frequent flyer programmes 30 31 31Read MoreExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words   |  658 Pages– strategy development in the multistakeholder context of public sector services. BBC – structural changes to deliver a better service. Sony (B) – more structural changes at the high-tech multinational. Web Reservations International – growth of an Irish SME company through its online reservation system and business model. NHS Direct – using communication and information technology to provide new ‘gateways’ to public services. Doman Synthetic Fibres – resource planning for new products in the syntheticRead MoreCoaching Salespeople Into Sales Champions110684 Words   |  443 Pagesdone a tremendous job outlining the importance of coaching versus managing. Implementing Keith’s playbook will drive the development of high performance salespeople and superior results.’’ Kelly Carioti, Vice President of PepsiCo, Specialty and Self-S ervice Retail ‘‘There are very few good books published for sales managers and most of them are ï ¬ lled with biased ideology and abstract concepts. Keith Rosen’s book is refreshingly practical. It contains concrete steps on what to coach, how to coach and

Monday, December 23, 2019

The Problem Of Illegal Immigration - 3985 Words

Illegal immigration, particularly of unaccompanied minors and single mothers, has increased to an unmanageable level and become a contentious and confusing political topic. This paper will effort to outline the current situation by providing background of the issue here in the US, describe the drivers that lead to the peoples’ emigration from their largely Central American home countries – including an examination of US responsibility in the destabilization of these countries, - and what measures can be taken in both the US and home countries to help bring the situation under control and manage immigration for these populations going forward. Earlier this year, stories about mass migrations of children and young mothers coming to the†¦show more content†¦Any solution to the current situation will ultimately be equally complex and must involve actions taken both in the United States and in the countries from where so many are leaving. Though this issue has seen tremendous traction in the media this year, this has been a problem over the last several years. Before the spike in immigrants seen three years ago, the United States routinely apprehended between five and ten-thousand unaccompanied minors each year. In addition, before the spike, the minors predominately were Mexican, not Central American. With the spike, the demographics of the immigrants seemed to change overnight, and the numbers of immigrants from the Northern Triangle have far surpassed those coming from Mexico. Since 2011, the numbers of unaccompanied minors has doubled each year, from eight-thousand in 2011 to twenty in 2012, to near forty in 2013. For fiscal year 2014, the Customs and Border Patrol estimates that more than eighty-thousand minors will have been apprehended at the border. Further, they have published estimates that show they expect to see numbers in excess of two-hundred-thousand in fiscal year 2015. It is important to show that the flow of minors from Northern Triangle countries is not unidirectional to the United States. Other countries in the region are also seeing large numbers of migrants coming across their borders. People are seeking refugeShow MoreRelatedImmigration Problem Of Illegal Immigration1530 Words   |  7 Pagescountry has its own unique problems. One of its greatest problems is that of illegal immigration. Recently, the country has been made aware that its illegal immigration problem that it is working so hard to correct, is frankly failing. To date, it has seemingly not done its best to correct the issue though. America must fix the major problem of illegal immigration before it becomes too out of hand. The existing American immigration policies fail at regulating immigration from the Mexican border dueRead MoreThe Problem Of Illegal Immigration1508 Words   |  7 Pagesshould first know what are the causes then they can suggest solutions to fix the proble m or block it. Illegal immigration has been a problem that has plagued the United States for many years. Most people wish to find solutions to help the United States to prevent illegal immigrations. Since the number of illegal immigrants is increasing and there have not been any positive solutions to prevent or reduce this problem, many researchers keep researching for helpful solutions. Although the United StatesRead MoreThe Problem Of Illegal Immigration1046 Words   |  5 PagesRecently, illegal immigration has been a major issue that has affected many civilians in America. This problem has been made from migrates who try to enter the country of America without any form of identification, currency, education, or medical stability. These immigrants also bring disease, drugs, weapons, and cartels. The main problem America is having with illegal immigrants is that they are difficult to provide for. Many migrants are using the government as a source of income. Our economy canRead Mo reThe Problem Of Illegal Immigration2622 Words   |  11 Pagesunfortunately some we do not hear about ever again. Illegal immigration occurs around the whole world. People come from China, Japan, Ireland, Cuba, El Salvador, but where we hear where they come from the most is from Mexico. Many of them mainly come to have a better life or achieve the â€Å"American Dream† and if not for them, then they send their children so they can have a decent education and then they can help their family out. Now, illegal immigration is a serious issue that has been trying to be dealtRead MoreEssay on The Problems of Illegal Immigration927 Words   |  4 Pages Illegal immigration to the United States refers to the act of foreign nationals violating U.S. immigration policies and national laws by entering or remaining in the United States without proper permission from the United States government (Illegal Immigration). Illegal immigration has been going on since the 1880s and till this day the number of aliens has been increasing each year. The Page Act of 1875 was known as the first federal immigration law that prohibited the entry of immigrants.Read MoreThe Growing Problem Of Illegal Immigration871 Words   |  4 Pages2016 The Growing Problem of Illegal Immigration Every year, millions of immigrants pour into the United States illegally. Are there any possible solutions to this trend? Immigrants cross the border either by the means of, swimming, using fake documents or by the means of using work visas. â€Å"Nearly half of the 12 million-plus illegal aliens in America arrived legally with non-immigrant visas,† said David Seminara, a tenured member of the U.S. Foreign Service (Illegal Immigration). Usually afterRead MoreThe Problem Of Illegal Immigration1853 Words   |  8 PagesRegardless of what your personal beliefs are on the matter, the topic of illegal immigration has exploded into the spotlight with the upcoming 2016 election. The best estimate at this point, although there are no exact figures, states that there are nearly 12 million people living illegally in the United States. Opinions are as diverse as America’s population, ranging from tighter border security and the criminalization of anyone caught entering the co untry illegally to opening the borders and issuingRead MoreIllegal Immigrants : A Big Problem With Illegal Immigration1150 Words   |  5 Pagesis a big problem with illegal immigration. Illegal immigration is an enormous issue that during the 2016 presidential primary debates. It was a problem when President Obama took office eight years ago, and it is an even greater problem now that he is getting ready to leave office. Most Americans want the border closed, but that will only solve half the problem. The other half of the problem can be solved by deporting the illegal immigrants that are already in the United States. Illegal immigrantsRead MoreIllegal Immigration Is A Problem For The United States1361 Words   |  6 PagesIllegal immigration has been a problem for the United States for a long time. This is not a new phenomenon and thousands of illegal immigrants have come into US through either the Mexico border, the Pacific Ocean, or through many other ways. Some people entere d in country legally through a visit visa, but then have stayed illegally and are working in various places. Illegal immigration is a double enclosed sword; one hand it provide the local economy with cost benefits as the illegal immigrants areRead MoreThe Illegal Immigration Problem Of The United States Essay2173 Words   |  9 PagesLone Star- North Harris THE ILLEGAL IMMIGRATION PROBLEM IN THE UNITED STATES TODAY MIDTERM RESEARCH PAPER Amee Jagtap Immigration Law Professor Delesandri OCTOBER 19, 2016 ABSTRACT: Illegal immigration into the United States is occurring at massive scale. More than 10 million undocumented aliens currently reside in the U.S., and the population

Sunday, December 15, 2019

Contribution of the EYFS to young children’s development and learning Free Essays

Introduction Early Year Foundation Stage (EYFS) setting is an important surrounding for young children’s development. Positive relationships are built at this stage, where children learn through respectful and caring interactions. Practitioners are also able to give priorities to main person, and respectfully react to children and their parents’ respective opinions. We will write a custom essay sample on Contribution of the EYFS to young children’s development and learning or any similar topic only for you Order Now The enabling environment at EYFS provides children with the needed time, space and materials to express themselves through plays, investigations and explorations of new ideas (Wood and Attfield, 2005). The practitioner is able to observe, organise and plan the flow of activities. Significantly, it is at this stage where a practitioner is able to identify the difference among children in terms of unique capabilities. In essence, developmental rates for children differ, with varied interests mostly influenced by the different socio-cultural and family backgrounds. Positive interactions Young children often rely on adult educators to stimulate and sustain their learning (Broadhead, Howard and Wood, 2010). One of the key goals of the EYFS is to create the ideal condition for learning to take place. EYFS also allows children to know the practitioners, thus enhancing trust and rely upon the adults for support. Studies show that â€Å"young children have their own ideas about what they wish and want to do† (Broadhead, 2010, p.29). Given freewill to choose what they want, they would passionately pursue their chosen career over those preferred by family members. Bringing children together in the EYFS programmes also provide them with the opportunity to share individual knowledge with each other. Through group plays, individual child is able to initiate their destiny, take the lead, make choices, and develop individual thinking capacity as well as new ideas. They are also keen to draw sense from things in their surroundings. The positive interaction is also observed in the manner in which children adapt play as a form of learning. Play is recognised as an important aspect of well-being and development of children. United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Children (1989) states that play should be a fundamental commitment within the EYFS. Although the relationship between play and learning is not straightforward, research evidence suggests that different types of play â€Å"help children to learn and to become confident learners in their future lives† (Wood and Attfield, 2005, p.113). Other researches also indicate that children’s learning is enhanced when they interact with skilled adult in certain ways, thus promoting their good progress (Miller and Almon, 2009). The benefits of playful approaches to learning can never be overstated in the effective development of young children. EYFS settings are made with certain guidelines that focus on both short term and long term success. The best outcomes of children’s learning is often found in places where learners are exposed to a myriad activities, including initiatives spearheaded by children themselves and supported by skillful adults. The interaction between young children and skilled adults at EYFS has the ability to increase adult support. Studies have indicated that too little adult interaction and support can limit a child’s learning process (Miller and Almon, 2009). Similarly, play with adults although can be rich and be full of purpose, may be full of chaos and repetitive to an extent that it limits learning and exploration among the young children. The interaction is a critical aspect that will ensure the young children get professional support even as they grow and learn. Opportunity to listen to children EYFS allows practitioners to listen to young children and understand what they should be taught. At the same time, practitioners are able to set new challenges within the context that the young children can recognise. When the children are brought together through EYFS, the practitioners are able to acknowledge individual child’s ability and be fully aware of what they can learn, thus allow them to plan and provide for every stage in the learning process (Broadhead, Howard and Wood, 2010). When relationship has been developed between young children and adult practitioners, the latter knows the right thing to engage them during play, through the use of sounds, gesture, movements or objects (QCA, 2005). The practitioner is able to judge the extent of their engagement with the children during play, and when they are ready for the introduction of new skills. Practitioners, as skillful adults, use the EYFS to support and enhance young children’s learning by selecting from pool of strategies available and matching them according to the specific needs of the children. In the EYFS setting, decisions such as what to give children and what best ways to help them learn are made several times each day. A skillful practitioner is able to learn the children’s needs through listening to them in an EYFS setting, where they can also learn the nature of play and playfulness each child possess. Increase effective teaching Children often cherish moments when they are in control and periods when they acquire the feelings that they are autonomous in their daily learning. Neuroscience studies have shown that children are well motivated and intelligent learners who explore everything around them (Lancaster and Broadbent, 2003). Thus, when children are brought together in an EYFS, the teaching becomes more effective because the practitioners are able to build the right conditions for learning. Adults are also able to manage the pace of activities and ensure they learn through stimulating opportunities. When balance between spontaneous plays is established, the practitioner is able to evaluate the children’s choices and achievements and provide a guiding principle of learning to increase effectiveness. It is established that â€Å"too much directed activity often deprives children of the opportunity to engage actively when learning† (Broadhead et al., 2010). EYFS practitioner can increase effective teaching by arranging time, space and activities within the daily routine programme to reflect the overall combination which significantly support wellbeing of children. A combination of child-initiated plays and adult-led playful activities allows professionals to choose the right approach that will not only enhance the developmental stage of the children but also provide individual and group support as a form of effective teaching (Miller and Almon, 2009). For example, a particular day can be set to allow free play between children without any adult’s involvement. This approach provides children with the needed space, independence and relaxation. At the other end of the scale are days when short sessions are carefully planned and structured with activities that are useful when teaching specific skills. At the EYFS setting, skillful practitioners are able to impact young children positively by teaching them how to build positive identities through collaboration. Young children are also able to develop caring relationships with other people, manage and take risks, experience success, develop resilience, cope with failures, and develop ‘can-do’ attitude that is critical in the modern world’s increasing competitive environment. The high-quality provisions at EYFS are essential for children in their attempts to develop positive dispositions, which is the foundation for long-term learning success. Unique Child’s opportunity to learn Children often have different development rates, varied interests, different cultural backgrounds and unique families that define their early life experience (Rogers and Evans, 2008). EYFS themes allow them to explore these abilities, and design what fits each child according to their background. At the EYFS setting, practitioners are able to plan and structure activities that can be essential in the teaching of specific skills. This stage of teaching can benefit children with recognised special educational needs. Young children are also able to build their vocabulary and demonstrate to them how to use specific tools and equipments. Neuroscience studies show that human brains develop and function in an exploratory setting (Tovey, 2007), which is essentially offered at EYFS. The freedom to combine resources at the EYFS in many varied ways is important because of the flexibility of the cognitive development process. Unique children are able â€Å"to build pathways for thinking and learning, and to make connections across areas of experience in the process† (Miller and Almon, 2009). Theories of learning and development agree with the perspectives developed in brain research that learning is both individual and social, and that young children, particularly the ones with unique abilities, are not passive learners (Miller and Almon, 2009). These children drive their learning and development through selective choices on what they like, individual interests they make in these activities, the knowledge they acquire, and their motivation to do things with competence. Broadhead, Howard, and Wood (2010) observe that choices and interests of unique children are the driving forces that build knowledge, skills and understanding. For example, the children are constantly learning about themselves as well as their socio-cultural worlds when they play with other children and skillful adults Conclusion Young children learn in several ways as they grow up. First, it is recognised that children learn through play, both amongst themselves and with adults. It’s through play that children are able to explore, investigate and develop ideas. Young children also learn at the presence of other people, which allows them to develop emotional security and social skills. Through EYFS, children are able to meet these needs by being active and talking to themselves. They are also shown how to do things and how to meet physical and mental challenges, thus helping them develop lifelong learning habit. References Broadhead, P., Howard, J. and Wood E. (2010). Play and Learning in Early Childhood settings Theory and Practice, Sage, London. Lancaster, Y.P. and Broadbent, V. (2003). Listening to Young Children, Open University Press, Maidenhead. Miller, E. and Almon, J. (2009). Crisis in the Kindergarten: Why Children Need to Play in School, College Part, MD, Alliance for Children. QCA (2005). Continuing the Learning Journey: INSET Package, QCA, London (ref. QCA/05/1590). Rogers, S. and Evans, J. (2008). Inside Role-Play in Early Childhood: Education, Researching Young Children’s Perspectives. Routledge: London. Tovey, H. (2007). Playing Outdoor: Spaces and Places, Risk and Challenge. Open University Press: Maidenhead. Wood, E. and Attfield, J. (2005). Play, Learning and the Early Children Curriculum. Paul Chapman: London. How to cite Contribution of the EYFS to young children’s development and learning, Essay examples

Saturday, December 7, 2019

Marketing and Communications International Education

Question: 1. Identify and explain the marketing concept, the marketing mix and the components of the marketing communications mix. 2. Explain the relationship between the marketing environment, its impact upon organisational decision making and consumer behaviour. 3. Discuss the factors that determine competitive advantage within organisations 4. Explain key theories, concepts and models underpinning business communication to create effective communications. 5. Examine and discuss organisational issues and challenges that impact on the effectiveness of business communication through the use of pre-defined criteria to assist in improving communication within the organisation. 6. Demonstrate an application of concepts and techniques related to business communication processes used within the workplace. Answer: Introduction All profitable and non-profitable organization involve themselves with different audiences to chase their objectives of business and marketing. It is a management process, and this process is known as marketing communications. The involvement deals with a communication system which occurs between the staffs, employees and customers of a company. Communication process can be in the form of a message or social media. Examples of profitable organizations are TESCO, Walmart, Marks Spencer, etc. Examples of non-profitable organizations are OXFAM, Cancer Research UK, Royal Society, etc. In marketing process, communication is utilized as an integral portion of the various relationships that organizations share with customers. The organizations which are discussed in the examples are leading organizations. Apart from these, many small organizations also require and utilize communications in marketing for conveying the essence of their services and products as well as to involve their audien ces. These organizations have suppliers, retailers, value-added resellers, wholesalers, distributors and other retailers. They join so that they can achieve the goals and objectives of the company. Today, an increase in digital media and the internet aided the organization to communicate with their potential customers regarding selling of products and receiving feedback. It also improved communication system between suppliers, distributors, financiers, employees and communities of a particular organization. The marketing mix, concepts and its components In a marketing process of OXFAM, the essential fundamental elements include the concept of promotion, product, place, and price (Otubanjo, 2013). By another name, it is known as the 4 Ps of marketing. The 4 Ps of marketing help the marketing manager to develop successfully a strategy based on promotion and services of products to customers. Firstly, the product or merchandise is something which can be sold in the market, satisfying the customer needs and demands. Products can be in the form of goods or raw materials. In the case of places, the buyers look for places where they can find products. The place also gives ideas about the places of competitors. The price deals with the cost of products (Otubanjo, 2013). The promotion is the strategy behind advertising of product to target customers. The extended three factors of the marketing mix are people, process, and physical evidence. According to the formal one, all organizations are operated by general population such as employees, s taffs and Managing Director of the company. In processes, the conveyance of companys administration is completed with the client display so how the management is conveyed is at the end of the day part of what the shopper is paying for (Milanovic and Bucalina, 2014). In the case of physical evidence, almost all authorities integrate some physically related components irrespective of the possibility that the central part of what the purchaser is paying for is intangible. The communication mix is a term used for the promotion of the organizations products to target customers. The components of marketing communication mix includes: Advertising It deals with the promotion of services and products to public for its business growth. Promotion and Discount It is similar to advertising. The difference is that the products are sold at a discount price. Personal Selling It involves selling to products to public direct or direct marketing element. Public Relations It is also similar to advertising, but it includes mass media to communicate with the public (CirikoviĆ¡, 2014). Direct marketing It involves personal selling and sales promotion. Event Sponsorship It happens when an organization pays for activities like entertainment, sports or community activities. Marketing environment and its impact on consumer behavior and decision making of the organization In 1942, OXFAM was founded. It is an independent relief, development and campaigning organization. It works with others to overcome suffering and poverty of the world. It employed around 1070 people in the United Kingdom (Luck, 2010). The marketing procedure of OXFAM consists of outdoor advertising and TV, mailings as well as online advertising. These marketing methods were developed and set by Fundraising Standards Board (FRSB) and Advertising Standard Agency (ASA). They oversee a transparent and independent scheme of fundraising. As a charity organization, OXFAM facilitates fundraising which transmits into different strategies of marketing within various teams for promoting about the entertainment and supporting team of the organization (McGregor, 2015). It also uses campaigning procedures which allow them to inform people about the upcoming activities and methods such as demonstrating and petitioning. These raises awareness. Based on non-profitable organizations like OXFAM, the number of choices made by the consumers contains consideration and motivation. The consumer behavior of a non-profitable organization can be determined by the treatment of the organization towards the consumer. The company does not profit from them. Therefore, they trust the company which will help them regarding facilities provided to the needy peoples. For example, a boy is an orphan and suffering from poverty and lack of nutrition(McGregor, 2015). Therefore, it is the responsibility of these organizations to take care of the boy by providing adequate food, education and all the fundamental requirements of a normal lifestyle. Factors determining the competitive advantage of the organization Organizations such as OXFAM sustain and creates a competitive advantage to upgrade, improve as well as innovate their competitive advantages over time. The success based on competition market can be improved by moving early in each process and product generation. There are some factors which determine the competitive advantage (Kamat, 2012). It is based on Michael Porter known as Porters five factors, they are as follows: The power of suppliers It determines the capacity level of a supplier. There are some reasons for the power of supplier. Firstly, input cost about selling price of the product. Secondly, the supply industry must have a higher profit than buying industry. Threats of new entrants It refers to the threat of new competitors entering in the market with innovative products. The power of buyer It determines the purchasing strength of a customer. Here, customers can bargain the product price (IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - Call for articles - Winter issue 2012/2013: The impact of internet of things (IoT) on Consumer Electronics, 2012). Competitive rivalry - Here, the important part is the number and capability of the competitors. If competitors are more, then products are offered based on attractiveness and low price. Threats of substitution This factor depends on the customer. If the company supply an android phone in the market, people may outsource the product by substituting the Android version which is a threat to the enterprise. Concepts, models, key theories of communication in business The operation of an organization like OXFAM can be processed by effective communication. An effective communication includes four fundamental ingredients such as clear communication, concise and easily understood by the receiver, honest as well as complete communication. There are five steps are observed to determine an effective communication. The first step is about identifying the message in which it deals with the type of information required to be communicated and reasons behind that. The second step is about targeting the audience. The next one is deciding on time (Anvari and Atiyaye, 2014). The fourth step is determining the format which determines the best format for communication. The last step is communicating and reviewing which deals with the operation of communication and examining to see if it worked. The sender-receiver model Figure 1 Figure 1 represents a sender-receiver model based on the communication system. It is one of the famous simplest communication models from others. The sender sends a message or information to the end user, and the end user receives the information. In a sender-receiver model, the elements are: Message It is the output of encoding. A message contains data and information (Arhipova and Sergeeva, 2015). Encode Encoding is the process of translating ideas or thoughts into a form of language which can be understood by the receiver. For example, written English or spoken French. Noise During the communication process, something interferes with the understanding and sending of the message. It is called noise. Medium Medium is the way of sending a message. For example, telephonic way, through email and face-to-face conversation. Decode It is the process of translation of messages like information by the receiver from the medium into their thoughts. Impact of organizational challenges and issues on effective business communication There are many organizational problems and challenges in OXFAM, which highly impact on effective business communication. Sometimes problems occur during the operation of business. The problems occur due to the result of a poor communication system which takes place in the working environment of the business. The boss of the company may not receive crucial emails from the subordinates (Silbey, 2013). On the other hand, any order might not have shipped on time. This happens due to missed phone calls. As a result, customers do not receive products or services on time. There are three fundamental factors due to which communication problems arise such as the morality of the employee, lower efficiency and decreased innovation. Poor communication in a business like oral or written can barricade the efficiency of the organization such as OXFAM. It happens due to lower efficiency of the business. Effective communication skills play as a significant role in successfully completing any large or small projects. The improvement in communication can be increased if multiple employees team up to complete a large project. As a result, departmental skills can also be enhanced. The project of the company will be inefficient and slow if they do not implement precise practices in communication (Silbey, 2013). On the other hand, the morality of the employees means the motivation of the workers. If communication skills are poor, every employee will lack enthusiasm regarding working with their assignments. It will also demoralize the employees as they will be forced to sit and work out boring and dull presentation. As a result, it will lead to monotony and confusion. Other issues are problems in understanding language, per sonal issues, and lack of feedback as well as hiring new employees. Techniques and concepts of improvement of business communication process The problems based on business communication process can be resolved by improving the communication skills of employees, staffs, managers and customers of that company. First of all, listening is very crucial in the communication process. It is important for a listener to focus entirely on the body language, nonverbal cues, and tone of voice of the speaker. Secondly, paying attention to nonverbal signals also improves communication skills. This awareness can aid a person to connect with others and to express itself what he or she means. It also helps to navigate challenging situations and aids in building a better relationship. The next one is checking the stress which helps a person to stay calm under extreme pressure. All these improvements act as a catalyst for improving communication skills in non-profitable business since this type of business has excessive work pressure. Moreover, meeting different persons develops communication skills. In this technique, conversations can be in the form of telephonic way, e-mail or by face-to-face. For example, the manager of OXFAM arranges a regular meeting with the employees to discuss the work progression and development of the companys infrastructure. The discussions also include the rules and regulations regarding removing poverty. This lead to the increase in the relation to the employees, staff and managers with the customers. Another technique includes delivering promises to the customers and creating a team project. The delivery of a promise to a client and fulfilling them establishes a trust and improves the relationship between the company and the customers. Apart from the promises made to the customers, building a team project also tightens the communication system within the organization. If the manager makes a team with some employees to do a particular project which helps them to finish the project on time with less effort. Conclusion In the period of increasing market value of marketing and communication system, this report is based on the improvement of marketing strategies and techniques of OXFAM. This report is mainly concerned with the communication procedures and its growth so as to improve the market for a non-profitable organization. Today, OXFAM started recruiting executives for marketing and communication to join OXFAM unwrapped team. It is the team which includes charity gift scheme and selling gifts such as famous OXFAM goat. Promotion Story Board The storyboard is based on the promotional mix, theory and decision process of a non-profitable organization. The product can be selected by the following factors such as the type of product, use of product, product complexity, and type of market, purchase quantity and frequency, an available fund for market promotion, the size of the market as well as stages of product life cycle. It is crucial to know the type of product before promoting the product in the market. The product can be classified into many groups. They are branded and non-branded products, necessary products, new or luxury products, etc. It is recommended for the non-profitable organization to promote non-branded, necessary products. Non-branded products are not at all very costly. The organization should look at the use of the product. The use of the product can be a consumable and necessary product or industrial product. Therefore, it is clear that the non-profitable organization should promote the consumable and ne cessary product. Personal selling is good for complex and innovative products because personal selling requires personal explanation and observation. The organization should also look sat purchase quantity and frequency of the product. Another factor is the availability of funds which can be collected by two methods. The first one is advertising via radio, televisions, magazines and newspapers which are costly, and the next one is personal selling which is comparatively cheaper. All non-profitable organization must apply multi-attribute choice theory so that they can use different strategies for various types of decisions. The particular choice was made so that during the market crisis, they can go through various strategies for the market development. References Anvari, R. and Atiyaye, D. (2014). Determinants of Effective Communication among Undergraduate Students. International Education Studies, 7(9). Arhipova, S. and Sergeeva, O. (2015). 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